Gases and Their Properties

The kinetic molecular theory describes the motion of atoms and molecules and
explains the properties of gases. As a basis for understanding this concept:
a. Students know the random motion of molecules and their collisions with a surface
create the observable pressure on that surface.
b. Students know the random motion of molecules explains the diffusion of gases.
c. Students know how to apply the gas laws to relations between the pressure, temperature,
and volume of any amount of an ideal gas or any mixture of ideal
gases.
d. Students know the values and meanings of standard temperature and pressure
(STP).
e. Students know how to convert between the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales.
f. Students know there is no temperature lower than 0 Kelvin.
g.* Students know the kinetic theory of gases relates the absolute temperature of a gas
to the average kinetic energy of its molecules or atoms.
h.* Students know how to solve problems by using the ideal gas law in the form
PVÊ=Ê nRT.
i.* Students know how to apply Dalton’s law of partial pressures to describe the
composition of gases and Graham’s law to predict diffusion of gases.